Interleukin-5 levels depending on the severity of atopic dermatitis

O.S. Prylutskyi, K.Y. Tkachenko

State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education «M. Gorky Donetsk National Medical University», Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic

ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY IN PEDIATRICS, Volume 56 • Number 1 • March 2019, pp. 19 – 27
DOI: 10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00003

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common alergic diseases of childhood. A number of studies have reported on the role of T-helper type 2 and cytokines synthesized by them in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. This data is devoted to the study of the possible links of interleukin – 5 and the severity of clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis. We interviewed and examined 84 patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. The control group consisted of 68 healthy individuals. In al examined patients the severity index of atopic dermatitis SCORAD were calculated and the serum levels of interleukin-5 were determined. The paired comparisons of the values of interleukin – 5 were made depending on the severity of atopic dermatitis. The Kendal rank correlation coefficient between the level of interleukin – 5 and the SCORAD index was calculated. It was established that the level of the above cytokine is significantly higher (p <0.001) in the examined patients with atopic dermatitis compared with control group. Interleukin – 5 levels were found to be significantly (p = 0.014) higher in patients with severe atopic dermatitis compared with patients with mild and moderate course of the disease. A direct correlation between the atopic dermatitis severity indices SCORAD and interleukin-5 (p = 0.02) was also revealed. The data from our study confirm the importance of the effect of interleukin-5 on the severity of clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis.

  1. Targeting key proximal drivers of type 2 inflammation in disease / N.A. Gandhi, B.L. Bennett, N.M. Graham et al. // Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016. Vol. 15, № 1. P. 35–50.
  2. Lloyd C.M., Hessel E.M. Functions of T cells in asthma: more than just T(H)2 cells // Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2010. Vol. 10, № 12. P. 838–848
  3. David Boothe W., Tarbox J.A., Tarbox M.B. Atopic Dermatitis: Pathophysiology // Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2017. Vol. 1027. P. 21–37.
  4. Sullivan M., Silverberg N.B. Current and emerging concepts in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis // Clin Dermatol. 2017. Vol. 35, № 4. P. 349–353.
  5. Takatsu K. Interleukin-5 and IL-5 receptor in health and diseases // Proc Jpn Acad Ser B. Phys. Biol. Sci. 2011. Vol. 87, № 8. P. 463–485.
  6. Alergic diseases: From bench to clinic – Contribution of the discovery of interleukin-5 / T. Yanagibashi, M. Satoh, Y. Nagai et al. // Cytokine. 2017. Vol. 98. P. 59–70.
  7. IL-4 and IL-5 map to human chromosome 5 in a region encoding growth factors and receptors and are deleted in myeloid leukemia with a del(5q) / M.M. Le Beau, E.R.S. Lemons, R. Espinosa et al. // Blood. 1988. Vol. 73. P. 647–650.
  8. Takatsu K., Tominaga A., Harada N. T-cellreplacing factor (TRF)/interleukin 5 (IL-5): molecular and functional properties // Immunol. Rev. 1988. Vol. 102. P. 107–135
  9. Plaut M., Pierce J.H., Watson C.J. Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores // Nature. 1989. Vol. 339, № 6219. P. 64–67.
  10. Klose C.S., Artis D. Innate cells as regulators of immunity, inflammation and tissue homeostasis // Nat. Immunol. 2016. Vol. 17, № 7. P. 765–774
  11. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells control eosinophilhomeostasis / J.C. Nussbaum, S.J. van Dyken, J. von Moltke et al. // Nature. 2013. Vol. 502, № 7470. P. 245–248.
  12. IL-3, IL-5, granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor receptor α-subunit, and common β-subunit expression by peripheral leukocytes and blood dendritic cells / T. Yamada et al. // J. Alergy Clin. Immunol. 1998. Vol. 101. P. 677–682.
  13. Kouro T., Takatsu K. IL-5- and eosinophil-mediated inflammation: from discovery to therapy // Int. Immunol. 2009. Vol. 21. P. 1303–1309.
  14. Interleukin 5 is protective during sepsis in an eosinophil-independent manner / S. Linch, E. Danielson, A. Kelly et al. // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012. Vol. 186. P. 246–254.
  15. Kondo S., Yazawa H., Jimbow K. Reduction of serum interleukin-5 levels reflect clinical improvement in patients with atopic dermatitis // J. Dermatol. 2001. Vol. 28, № 5. P. 237–243.
  16. Hamid Q., Boguniewicz M., Leung D.Y. Differential in situ cytokine gene expression in acute versus chronic atopic dermatitis // J. Clin Invest. 1994. Vol. 94. P. 870–875.
  17. Cutaneous late phase reaction in adult atopic dermatitis patients with high serum IgE antibody to Dermatophagoides farinae: correlation with IL-5 production by alergen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells / M. Okada, T., Terui M. Honda et al. // J. Dermatol Sci. 2002. Vol. 29, № 2. P.73–84.
  18. Serum Cytokine Profiles in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis / A. Gьrkan, A.A. Yьcel, C. Sцnmez et al. // Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat. 2016. Vol. 24, № 4. P. 268–273.
  19. Characteristics of extrinsic vs. intrinsic atopic dermatitis in infancy: correlations with laboratory variables / J.H. Park, Y.L. Choi, J.H. Namkung et al. // Br. J. Dermatol. 2006. Vol. 155. P. 778–783.
  20. Intrinsic atopic dermatitis shows similar TH2 and higher TH17 immune activation compared with extrinsic atopic dermatitis / M. Suбrez- Fariсas, N. Dhingra, J. Gittler et al. // J. Alergy Clin. Immunol. 2013. Vol. 132, № 2. P. 361–370.
  21. Medium-dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy and mRNA expression of TSLP, TARC, IL-5, and IL- 13 in acute skin lesions in atopic dermatitis / J. Bogaczewicz, K. Malinowska, A. Sysa- Jedrzejowska et al. // Int. J. Dermatol. 2016. Vol. 55, № 8. P. 856–863.
  22. Kawaguchi H., Akiyama K. Malassezia and atopic dermatitis // Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi. 2003. Vol. 44, № 2. P. 65–69.
  23. Kimura M., Obi M., Saito M. Japanese cedarpollen- specific IL-5 production in infants with atopic dermatitis // Int. Arch. Alergy Immunol. 2004. Vol. 135, № 4. P. 343–347.
  24. Kimura M., Obi M. Ovalbumin-induced IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma production in infants with atopic dermatitis // Int. Arch. Alergy Immunol. 2005. Vol. 137, № 2. P. 134–140.
  25. Cytokine profiles in interstitial fluid from chronic atopic dermatitis skin / K. Szegedi, R. Lutter, P.C. Res et al. // J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2015. Vol. 29, № 11. P. 2136–2144.
  26. Diagnosis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review / K. Maliyar, C. Sibbald, E. Pope et al. // Adv. Skin. Wound Care. 2018. Vol. 31, № 12. P. 538–550.
  27. Ланг Т.А., Сесик М. Как описывать статистику в медицине : руководство для авторов, редакторов и рецензентов. М.: Практическая медицина, 2011. 480 с.
  28. Stalder J.F., Taieb A. Severity scoring of atopic dermatitis: the SCORAD index. Consensus Report of the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis // Dermatology. 1993. Vol. 186. P. 23–31.
  29. Severity strata for Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), modified EASI, Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), objective SCORAD, Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index and body surface area in adolescents and adults with atopic dermatitis / R. Chopra, P. Vakharia, R. Sacotte et al. // Br. J. Dermatol. 2017. Vol. 177, № 5. P. 1316–1321.
  30. Прилуцкий А.С., Кузнецова Л.В., Лесниченко Д.А. и др. Опыт разработки ИФА тест- систем для определения специфического IgE к различным аллергенам // Науково-практичний журнал «Лабораторна діагностика». 2013. № 2 (64). С. 32–35.
  31. Оценка аналитической чувствительности, вариабельности и сравнительный анализ ИФА тест-систем для определения специфического IgE / А.С. Прилуцкий, Д.А. Лесниченко, Л.В. Кузнецова и др. // Імунологія та алергологія: наука і практика. 2014. №1. С. 70–74.
  32. Elevated IL-5 and IL-13 responses to egg proteins predate the introduction of egg in solid foods in infants with eczema / J.R. Metcalfe, N. D’Vaz, M. Makrides et al. // Clin. Exp. Alergy. 2016. Vol. 46, № 2. P. 308–316.
  33. Full-spectrum light phototherapy for atopic dermatitis / H.J. Byun, H.I. Lee, B. Kim et al. // Int. J. Dermatol. 2011. Vol. 50, № 1. P. 94–101.
  34. A pilot study evaluating the clinical and immunomodulatory effects of an oraly administered extract of Dendrobium huoshanense in children with moderate to severe recalcitrant atopic dermatitis / K.G. Wu, T.H. Li, C.J. Chen et al. // Int. J. Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011. Vol. 24, № 2. P. 367–375.
  35. Effect of probiotics on the treatment of children with atopic dermatitis / Y. Yeşilova, Ц. Зalka, N. Akdeniz et al. // Ann. Dermatol. 2012. Vol. 24, № 2. P. 189–193.
  36. Combination of glucosamine improved therapeutic effect of low-dose cyclosporin A in patients with atopic dermatitis: a pilot study / H.B. Kwon, B.J. Ahn, Y. Choi et al. // J. Dermatol. 2013. Vol. 40, № 3. P. 207–210.
  37. Solanum tuberosum L. cv Jayoung Epidermis Extract Inhibits Mite Antigen-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice by Regulating the Th1/Th2 Balance and Expression of Filaggrin / G. Yang, S.Y. Cheon, K.S. Chung et al. //J. Med. Food. 2015. Vol. 18, № 9. P. 1013–1021.
  38. Corren J. Inhibition of interleukin-5 for the treatment of eosinophilic diseases // Discov Med. 2012. Vol. 13, № 71. P. 305–312.
  39. Profile of anti-IL-5 mAb mepolizumab in the treatment of severe refractory asthma and hypereosinophilic diseases / F. Menzella, M. Lusuardi, C. Galeone et al. // J. Asthma Alergy. 2015. Vol. 8. P. 105–114.
  40. Mepolizumab and exacerbations of refractory eosinophilic asthma / P. Haldar, C.E. Brightling, B. Hargadon et al. // N. Engl. J. Med. 2009. Vol. 360. P. 973–984.
  41. Mepolizumab for prednisone dependent asthma with sputum eosinophilia / P. Nair, M.M. Pizzichini, M. Kjarsgaard et al. // N. Engl. J. Med. 2009. Vol. 360. P. 985–993.
  42. Walsh G.M. Profile of reslizumab in eosinophilic disease and its potential in the treatment of poorly controlled eosinophilic asthma // Biologics. 2013. Vol. 7. P. 7–11.
  43. Simon D., Simon H.U. New drug targets in atopic dermatitis // Chem. Immunol. Alergy. 2012. Vol. 96. P. 126–131.
  44. Matsumoto T., Goto Y., Miike T. Markedly high eosinophilia and an elevated serum IL-5 level in an infant with cow milk allergy // Ann. Alergy Asthma Immunol. 1999. Vol. 82, № 3. P. 253–256.

Prylutskyi OS, Tkachenko KY. Interleukin-5 levels depending on the severity of atopic dermatitis. Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics. 2019;56(1):19-27. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00003

For correspondense

O.S. Prylutskyi
e-mail: aspr@mail.ru.

ALLERGOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY in PEDIATRICS