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Pollinosis in children and adolescents: modern aspects of pathogenesis and tendencies in therapy

I.I. Balabolkin

National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health , Moscow, Russia

ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY IN PEDIATRICS, Volume 62 • Number 3 • September 2020, pp. 4 – 5
DOI: 10.24411/2500-1175-2020-00001

Abstract

The development of pollinosis in children and adolescents is determined by the influence of genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenetic basis of pollinosis in children and adolescents is the differentiation of Th0 to Th2, activation of Th2-cells and increasing of the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, sIgE, activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, with following development of IgE-mediated allergic reaction after exposure to pollen allergens and the manifestation of clinical symptoms of pollinosis (allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, bronchial asthma). Children and adolescents with pollinosis often develop cross-allergic reactions to plant-based foods. Pathogenetic pharmacotherapy (antihistamines of the second generation, topical corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, decongestants) allows to achieve control over the symptoms of pollinosis. Subcutaneous and sublingual ASIT are high effective, they reduce the severity of symptoms of pollinosis, decrease the risk of developing bronchial asthma and severe clinical forms of pollinosis. The sublingual ASIT is more safe than subcutaneous ASIT.

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For citation

Balabolkin II. Pollinosis in children and adolescents: modern aspects of pathogenesis and tendencies in therapy. Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics. 2020;62(3):6-14. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24411/2500-1175-2020-00001

For correspondense

Ivan I. Balabolkin, doctor of medical sciences, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief specialist of the methodological department of the Federal State Autonomous Institution of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8324-5270
Address: 2 p. 1, Lomonosovsky prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russia
E-mail: balabolkin.ivan@yandex.ru

allergic conjunctivitis allergic rhinitis bronchial asthma IL-13 IL-4 pathogenetic pharmacotherapy pollinosis sIgE Th2 АСИТ ИЛ-5
ALLERGOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY in PEDIATRICS
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