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Peculiarities of bronchial asthma in children living in urban and rural areas of the Samara area

V.V. Kulagina 1, O.S. Kozlova 2, E.V. Sukhova 1

1 Private institution educational organization of higher education «Мedical University Reaviz», Samara, Russia
2 State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Samara, Russia

ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY IN PEDIATRICS, Volume 58 • Number 3 • September 2019, pp. 15 – 21
DOI: 10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00012

Abstract

Research objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of the course of bronchial asthma in children in urban and rural areas of the Samara region.
Materials and methods. We analyzed the course of the disease in 106 urban and 80 rural children with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma. The following data were evaluated: the age of asthma debut, the severity and its dynamics, the causes of exacerbations and seizures, the nature of sensitization and comorbidities. The formulation of skin tests was performed using a series of household, epidermal, fungal and pollen allergens. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 7,0 software package. The significance of differences between groups was calculated using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results. Children with asthma living in rural areas had a mild course of the disease significantly more often than urban children: 82.5% and 54.8%, respectively. Exacerbations of asthma with varying frequency occurred in all urban patients, 25.0% of rural children had no exacerbations over the past year. In children of the city, physical stress, emotions, strong odors and meteorological factors reliably influence the occurrence of asthma attacks.
The conclusion. Exacerbations of asthma in children in the city occur significantly more frequently against the background of respiratory diseases as compared to rural children. The prevention of respiratory diseases as triggers of exacerbations of asthma in urban children is relevant. In urban children, allergic rhinitis, food allergies and sensitization to fungal and household allergens were significantly more common than in rural children. All rural children had an inappropriate inhalation technique, 10% of children did not have basic therapy, which requires an increase in the time of admission for them.

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For citation

Kulagina VV, Kozlova OS, Sukhova EV. Peculiarities of bronchial asthma in children living in urban and rural areas of the Samara area. Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics. 2019;58(3):15-21. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00012

For correspondense

V.V. Kulagina
e-mail: vvksam@mail.ru

bronchial asthma children clinical trial level of control
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