обложка журнала аллергология и иммунология в педиатрии 1 номер 2022

Volume 69 • Number 2 • June 2022

Articles: 12

Pages: 52

REVIEW

Prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic diseases among childrenrevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic diseases among children

N.V. Shakhova, T.S. Kashinskaya, E.M. Kamaltynova

Abstract

Bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AtD) are the most common chronic diseases, the prevalence of which is growing among the child population with the urbanization and industrialization of society. These diseases place a heavy burden on patients, their families and society as a whole, which is associated with a chronic course, frequent exacerbations and the need for long-term therapy of these diseases. Traditionally, data on the prevalence of BA and allergic diseases among children are based on the results of the program «International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood», focused on school-age children 6–7 and 13–14 years. Standardized international epidemiological studies of the prevalence of BA and allergic diseases in preschool children have not been conducted and to date, few foreign data have been published demonstrating a high prevalence among children of this age. Studies on the epidemiology of asthma and allergic diseases among preschoolers in Russia are few.

The purpose of this article is to systematize the currently available information on the prevalence of BA and allergic diseases among children.

Data sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Clinical phenotypes of cow’s milk food allergy in children depending on the molecular profile of sensitization

N.G. Prihodchenko, T.A. Shumatova, E.Yu. Katenkova, D.V. Kovalenko​

Abstract

Introduction.
Sensitization to cow’s milk (CM) is one of the most common causes of food allergy (FA) in young children; its clinical manifestations in children are varied, since many organs and systems can be involved in the pathological process.
The purpose: to study the profile of IgE sensitization to the molecular components of CM in children, depending on the clinical phenotype of the disease.

Materials and Methods.
Clinical and laboratory examination of 148 children from birth to 12 months with IgE-mediated FA to CM was carried out. The study of sIgE to cow’s milk, nBos d 8, nBos d 4, nBos d 5, nBos d 6 was carried out by the Immuno CAP method. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica for Windows v. 10.0, StatSoft Inc. (USA).

Results:
The conducted clinical and laboratory analysis allowed us to identify the skin (33.3%; 49/148), gastrointestinal (23.5%; 35/148) and mixed (43.2%; 64/148) phenotype of CMA in children. In the structure of clinical phenotypes, the frequency of the mixed phenotype prevailed over the skin (χ2 = 20.51, p < 0.00001) and gastrointestinal phenotype (χ2 = 27.84, p < 0.00001). Sensitization to nBos d 4 has the greatest influence on the formation of the gastrointestinal phenotype (χ2 = 18.67, p = 0.0001). In the formation of skin manifestations, combined sensitization to nBos d 8 + nBos d 6 (χ2 = 14.96, p = 0.0003), nBos d 8 + nBos d 5 (χ2 = 28.44, p < 0.00001) was more common.

Conclusion.
The results of the study showed the importance of cow’s milk components in the formation of the clinical phenotype of the disease and can be used to personalize the diagnosis and therapeutic strategy.

Comparative characteristics of methods of allergological examination for house dust mite allergy in children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis

O.V. Trusova, A.V. Kamaev, N.L. Lyashenko, I.V. Makarova, N.B. Platonova

Abstract

Objective.
To determine the diagnostic significance of methods of allergological diagnostics: skin prick tests (SPT), quantitative determination of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and nasal provocative test (NPT) in children with allergy to house dust mites (HDM) diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR) or AR in combination with asthma.

Methods.
Patients underwent a targeted history taking for possible domestic sensitization, SPT with HDM allergens, NPT with HDM, and sIgE to HDM allergens was determined by the ImmunoCAP method.

Results.
The statistical processing group included 109 children (67 boys, 42 girls, aged 5 to 17,9 years (mean age 8,9±2,52 years)), in whom sensitization to HDM was confirmed by at least one of the methods used in the study. A higher sensitivity of SPT then of sIgE was determined (96,3% and 81,6%, respectively). According to SPT and sIgE results, sensitization to both types of mites (D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae) is more common than isolated. Coincidence of positive results of SPT and sIgE was obtained in 84 cases (77,1%).

Conclusion.
SPT can be considered as the first line of investigation. The use of a complex of examination methods is necessary to determine the role of sensitization to HDM, if NPT is taken as the «gold» standard of diagnosis.

COMMUNICATIONS AND CORRESPONDENCE

Relationship between the spirometric parameters and ECG parameters in children with bronchial asthma

K.D. Abramovskaya, E.V. Tush, M.V. Boldova, A.V. Prakhov, A.I. Khaletskaya, T.I. Eliseeva

A case of infant seafood allergy

E.A. Baimakova

Polymorphism of innate immunity receptor genes in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage

L.Yu. Barycheva, A.S. Idrisova, E.S. Kuzmina, K.S. Mezhidov

Evaluation of the relationship of low affinity receptor gene polymorphism to IGE — FCƐRII (RS 28364072 (T2206C)) with clinical and anamnestic data of bronchial asthma in children

R.R. Gafurova, R.M. Fayzullina, Z.A. Shangareeva, K.V. Danilko

Immunological predictors in children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

E.S. Kuzmina, L.Yu. Barycheva, O.V. Agranovich, A.S. Idrisova

Persistent food allergy to cow’s milk proteins. How to form tolerance?

T.S. Lepeshkova

Permissive-elimination diet

A.S. Prilutskiy

Investigation of the association between allergic rhinitis and pathological weight gain in school-age children in Samara

O.V. Skvortsova, N.B. Migacheva, E.G. Mikhaylova

Nasal respiratory function in children with bronchial asthma and obesity

R.N. Khramova, E.V. Tush, T.I. Eliseeva, V.A. Bulgakova, I.I. Balabolkin

ALLERGOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY in PEDIATRICS